Space Discoveries That Broke Astronomy | Science Was Wrong

Space is an endless void of potential scientificdiscoveries and we're learning new things about it on a daily basis over the years scientists andespecially astronomers have theorized countless things about space many of which have turned outto be true very hot under tremendous pressure so you try to push nature to its extremes inorder to make measurements and then make them very precisely so you can get uh you can getthe measurements of nature however perhaps unsurprisingly giving the infinite complexitiesof our universe those scientists occasionally get their theories wrong Pluto had it coming from thebeginning it was it was like it was never really belong Pluto's orbit crosses that of anotherplanet that's no kind of behavior for a planet in one of the most famous examples Pluto wasinitially believed to be a planet we believed this .

For 75 years however in 2006 it was establishedthat Pluto hasn't cleared the neighborhood around its orbit meaning it hasn't become gravitationallydominant and doesn't actually fulfill the criteria to be classified as a planet it wasthen reclassified as a dwarf planet but that's far from being the only space discoverythat changed the initial theories of astronomers welcome to Factnomenal and today we'll be taking alook at the most fascinating discoveries that have challenged the way we view the universe what'sbehind a black hole for many years it was believed that any light that made its way intoa black hole wouldn't be able to escape from it in theory that meant we would never be able to seeanything that's behind the black hole in question however in July of 2021 astrophysicists atStanford university reported the first detection .

Of light from behind one seeing bright flaresaround a black hole is very normal for astronomers but even a basic understanding of the phenomenontells us that the far side of a black hole is a very strange place for light to come fromEinstein's theory of general relativity did predict it would be possible to see such athing one day courtesy of a process known as gravitational lensing but it was never confirmedand most astronomers disagreed with him until now that is Stanford's Dan Wilkins explains how thiswas possible by saying the reason we can see that is because the black hole is warping space bendinglight and twisting magnetic fields around itself the black hole in question was a supermassiveblack hole at the center of a galaxy 800 million light years away which does make itsomewhat different to those observed before it .

However it could still completely change ourunderstanding of how they work going forward alien megastructure in early 2018 the results of ayear-long crowdfunded investigation into the star KIC 8462852 came in and they completely quashedastronomers theories that its strange dimming was being caused by an alien megastructure that beingsaid the investigation did result in astronomers being a lot closer to knowing what was causingthe star's odd behavior the star which is also known as Tabby's Star or Boyajian's star islocated nearly 1500 light years from earth and is approximately 50 percent larger than ourown sun and almost 1 000 degrees hotter than it observations made by the Kepler space telescopebetween 2009 and 2013 informed us that this otherwise relatively normal star does indeedexperience sporadic and intermittent dimming .

And a recent historical analysis of it showedthat changes to the object's overall brightness can last for centuries astronomers hadn't seenanything like it which led to a number of theories including the one about the possibility ofit being caused by an alien megastructure however the results of the aforementionedcrowdfunded investigation which were published in the astrophysical journal lettersand explained how astronomers managed to chronicle four distinct dimming episodes affirmeda less wild theory which proposed that the star is surrounded by what appears to be nothingmore than ordinary space dust Tyler Ellis an astronomy student at Louisiana State Universityand a co-author of the new study explained that the data collected effectively rules outthe possibility of an alien megastructure .

Although he did also admit that it's a trickyissue because we haven't really established precisely how an alien civilization might buildsuch a thing or the types of materials they would use ellis told Gizmodo if we can assume that theconstruction would be done with normal building materials then we would expect that it wouldbe opaque and absorb light monochromatically this would result in an overall dimming of thestar without selectively absorbing particular colors this is exactly the opposite of whatwe are reporting is this the only one of these stars out there with space being very muchunexplored scientists and astronomers are looking to the James Webb Space Telescope to providea detailed look into this most mysterious star in June of 2020 scientists discovered anintriguing astronomical object that had never .

Been observed by human eyes before it was moremassive than collapsed stars which are known as neutron stars but had less mass than black holessuch black neutron stars were not thought possible but that theory was smashed by this recentdiscovery and it means the very notion of how neutron stars and black holes form and evolve isgoing to require a major rethink from here on out it was an international team in the united statesand Italy who made the groundbreaking discovery and they did so using the laser interferometergravitational wave observatory in Louisiana and the virgo interferometer in santos Stefanoa Maserata Charlie Hoya PhD student from Cardiff University in wales who was also involved inthe study while working for the Ligo Virgo scientific collaboration discussed how theexciting new discovery would challenge and .

Change our understanding of the concept he toldBBC news we can't rule out any possibilities we don't know what it is and this is why it is soexciting because it really does change our field while Laura Nuttall a gravitational waveexpert from the university of Portsmouth's institute of cosmology and gravitation addedthe reason these findings are so exciting is because we've never detected an object witha mass that is firmly inside the theoretical mass gap between neutron stars and black holesbefore more cosmic observations and research will need to be undertaken to establish whetherthis new object is indeed something that has never been observed before or whether it may beinstead be the lightest black hole ever detected how planets are formed up until the early 1990sastronomers believed planets were formed in a .

Neat order starting with small rocky planetsnear the sun and ending with larger gassy and icy planets further away from it given that that'show our solar system is structured it was assumed it would be the same for them all however once webegan to discover planets outside our solar system that theory was proven wrong in 1995 whenastronomers identified the first exoplanet to closely orbit a star similar to our sunthey were shocked it was big and gaseous and it looked more like Jupiter than anyof the other planets in our solar system this resulted in it becoming known as hotJupiter countless additional exoplanets have been discovered over the years and theycontinue to defy previously accepted theories with their strangeness some appear to be made ofwater with small rocky cores while others orbit .

A set of binary stars you know similar to LukeSkywalker's home planet in the Star Wars movies exoplanets even sometimes appear to move in theopposite direction to their parent star's rotation while others make it all the way around theirparent star in just four days even more bizarre are the multi-planet systems where as many asfive planets can be so close to each other that were they in our solar system their orbits wouldfit inside the small gap between Venus and earth Dr. David Sing world-renowned exoplanetscientist from the university of Exeter tells us that these planets bulk densities suggestthat they could be made from anything ranging from styrofoam to lead Didier Queloz professor ofastrophysics at University of Cambridge added there may be as many different planetsin the universe as ways to form them .

Then the question is how rare are we in oursolar system that's why we want to look for the planets that's why we want to understand theformation scenario to answer how rare the earth is the evolution of the universe in June of 2021 adiscovery was made that indicates a deep flaw in our understanding of the very nature of theuniverse itself and it could in fact have a serious impact on scientists understandingand perception of how the universe has evolved you see astronomers discovered a huge formationin deep space that they called the giant arc of galaxies because of its unique and excitingshape the arc is made up of a group of nearly identical sized galaxies at a distance of 9.2billion light years the whole thing is around 3.3 billion light years wide and is one of thelargest structures ever discovered in the cosmos .

Astronomer Alexia Lopez of the Universityof Central Lancashire in England explained the flaw posed by this discovery bysaying it is becoming difficult to ignore the growing number of megastructures beyond what isconsidered theoretically feasible according to cosmologists the current theoretical limit of theuniverse is calculated at about 1.2 billion light years which makes the giant arc almost three timeslarger can the standard model of cosmology account for these huge structures in the universe asjust rare flukes or is there more to it than that the established model of cosmology calledthe cosmological principle states that on very large scales the universe is homogeneousor smooth in all directions with each part of the universe more or less the same as any otherpart of it with no major inconsistencies or bumps .

One or two of these massive structurescould be considered a coincidence or flu but recent data shows more and more ofthese structures continuing to emerge with more questions than answers we wait anxiouslyfor the next big discovery are there any other theories that you would like to know more aboutor maybe there's one you feel will be proven wrong tell us in the comments if you enjoyed the videoplease make sure you leave it a like and subscribe to our channel for more great videos like thisand as always thanks for watching Factnomenal
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Space is an endless void of potential scientific discoveries – and we’re learning new things about it on a daily basis. Over the years, scientists, and especially astronomers – have theorized countless things about space, many of which have turned out to be true. However, perhaps unsurprisingly, given the infinite complexities of our universe, those scientists occasionally get their theories wrong. Welcome to Factnomenal, and today we’ll be taking a look at the most fascinating discoveries that have challenged the way we view the universe. Buy us a coffee to show your support! https://www.buymeacoffee.com/Factnomenal Space Discoveries That Broke Astronomy | Science Was Wrong DON’T CLICK THIS LINK: https://tinyurl.com/357shs3j Thanks for watching Factnomenal! 🌎 Subscribe for more space discoveries, space facts, and space in general! 🔔 Hit the bell next to subscribe so you never miss a video! ► For copyright matters, make sure to send us an email to Adam@trustedmiddle.com #universe #Factnomenal #theories